John Thomson may refer to:
Arts and entertainment
John Thomson of Duddingston (1778–1840), Scottish minister and landscape artist
John Thomson (comedian) (born 1969), English comedian and actor
John Thomson (composer) (1805–1841), Scottish composer
John Thomson (photographer) (1837–1921), Scottish photographer
John J. Thomson, Canadian production sound mixer
John M. Thomson (1926–1999), New Zealand musicologist
John Stuart Thomson (1869–1950), American author
Business
John Edgar Thomson (1808–1874), American civil engineer, railroad executive and industrialist
John Thomson (Australian businessman) (1887–1960), longtime general manager of Wesfarmers
John Thomson (banker) (1908–1998), British banker
Politics
John Thomson (Australian politician) (1862–1934), Nationalist member of the House of Representatives
John Thomson (Western Australian politician) (1865–1947), Nationalist Member of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly
John Thomson (Victorian politician) (1853–1917), Commonwealth Liberal Member of the Victorian Legislative Assembly
John Bryce Thomson (1840–1911), mayor of Dunedin, New Zealand
John Charles Thomson (1866–1934), New Zealand politician
John Thomson (MP) (1521–1597), MP for New Windsor and Bedfordshire
John Thomson (diplomat) (1927–2018), British high commissioner to India and ambassador to the UN
John Thomson (Ohio politician) (1780–1852), U.S. Congressman from Ohio
John Renshaw Thomson (1800–1862), U.S. Senator from New Jersey
John William Thomson (1928–2025), member of the Canadian Parliament
Religion
John Thomson (Presbyterian minister) (1690–1753), Irish-born Presbyterian minister in Philadelphia
John Thomson (bishop) (born 1959), Church of England Bishop of Selby
John Thomson, minister in Sutherland, Scotland who was responsible for recording the works of the poet Rob Donn
Science
John Thomson (physician) (1765–1846), Scottish surgeon and physician
John Thomson (cartographer) (1777–1840), Scottish cartographer
John Millar Thomson (1849–1933), British chemist
Arthur Thomson (naturalist) (John Arthur Thomson, 1861–1933), Scottish naturalist
John Walter Thomson (1913–2009), Scottish-American lichenologist
Sports
Jock Thomson (1906–1979), Scottish football player and manager
John Thomson (footballer, born 1896) (1896–1980), Scottish football goalkeeper
John Thomson (footballer, born 1909) (1909–1931), Scottish football goalkeeper
John Thomson (footballer, born 1915) (1915–1944), Scottish footballer
John Thomson (swimmer) (1903–1976), British freestyle swimmer who competed in the 1924 Summer Olympics
Johnny Thomson (1922–1960), American race car driver
John Thomson (baseball) (born 1973), American baseball player
John Thomson (bowls), Welsh international lawn bowls player
John Thomson (rower) (1932–2019), English international rower
Other
John Thomson (fraudster), warehouse keeper of the Charitable Corporation
John Thomson (librarian) (1835–1916), American librarian
John Thomson (RAF officer) (1941–1994), one of the senior officers of the Royal Air Force, later Commander-in-Chief Strike Command
John Bell Thomson (1835–1896), New Zealand police officer and detective
John Deas Thomson (c. 1763–1838), British Navy administrator
John Sen Inches Thomson (1845–1933), Scottish whaler and sealer, ship owner, captain and author
John Turnbull Thomson (1821–1884), English civil engineer
John Thomson (died 1998), Deputy Steward of Oxford University and Lord Lieutenant of Oxfordshire