John Aylmer may refer to:

John Aylmer (bishop) (1521–1594), English bishop, constitutionalist and Greek scholar

John Aylmer (classicist) (died 1672), Greek and Latin poet

John Aylmer (politician) (1652–1705), Irish MP

Jack Aylmer (John Francis Aylmer, 1934–2018), American politician and college president