Henry Tanner may refer to:
Henry Ossawa Tanner (1859–1937), African-American artist
H. W. Lloyd Tanner (Henry William Lloyd Tanner, 1851–1915), British mathematician
Henry Schenck Tanner (1786–1858), American cartographer
Henry S. Tanner (doctor) (1831–1918), American doctor known for his 1880 great fast in New York
Henry Ernest Tanner (1868–1940), English-born farmer and political figure in British Columbia
Henry Tanner (architect) (1849–1935), British architect, President of the Concrete Society